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Compare Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2004) - Sudan (2003)

Compare Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2004) z Sudan (2003)

 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2004)Sudan (2003)
 Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesSudan
Administrative divisions 6 parishes; Charlotte, Grenadines, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint Patrick 26 states (wilayat, singular - wilayah); A'ali an Nil, Al Bahr al Ahmar, Al Buhayrat, Al Jazirah, Al Khartum, Al Qadarif, Al Wahdah, An Nil al Abyad, An Nil al Azraq, Ash Shamaliyah, Bahr al Jabal, Gharb al Istiwa'iyah, Gharb Bahr al Ghazal, Gharb Darfur, Gharb Kurdufan, Janub Darfur, Janub Kurdufan, Junqali, Kassala, Nahr an Nil, Shamal Bahr al Ghazal, Shamal Darfur, Shamal Kurdufan, Sharq al Istiwa'iyah, Sinnar, Warab
Age structure 0-14 years: 27.6% (male 16,463; female 15,872)


15-64 years: 66% (male 39,827; female 37,547)


65 years and over: 6.4% (male 3,247; female 4,237) (2004 est.)
0-14 years: 44% (male 8,562,412; female 8,195,201)


15-64 years: 53.8% (male 10,260,581; female 10,246,045)


65 years and over: 2.2% (male 468,898; female 381,023) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products bananas, coconuts, sweet potatoes, spices, small numbers of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, fish cotton, groundnuts (peanuts), sorghum, millet, wheat, gum arabic, sugarcane, cassava (tapioca), mangos, papaya, bananas, sweet potatoes, sesame; sheep, livestock
Airports 6 (2003 est.) 63 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways total: 5


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total: 12


over 3,047 m: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 8


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total: 51


1,524 to 2,437 m: 17


914 to 1,523 m: 24


under 914 m: 10 (2002)
Area total: 389 sq km (Saint Vincent 344 sq km)


land: 389 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total: 2,505,810 sq km


land: 2.376 million sq km


water: 129,810 sq km
Area - comparative twice the size of Washington, DC slightly more than one-quarter the size of the US
Background Disputed between France and the United Kingdom in the 18th century, Saint Vincent was ceded to the latter in 1783. Autonomy was granted in 1969 and independence in 1979. Military regimes favoring Islamic-oriented governments have dominated national politics since independence from the UK in 1956. Sudan has been embroiled in a civil war for all but 10 years of this period (1972-82). The wars are rooted in northern economic, political, and social domination of non-Muslim, non-Arab southern Sudanese. Since 1983, the war and war- and famine-related effects have led to more than 2 million deaths and over 4 million people displaced. The ruling regime is a mixture of military elite and an Islamist party that came to power in a 1989 coup. Some northern opposition parties have made common cause with the southern rebels and entered the war as a part of an anti-government alliance. Peace talks gained momentum in 2002-03 with the signing of several accords, including a cease-fire agreement.
Birth rate 16.77 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) 36.48 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget revenues: $94.6 million


expenditures: $85.8 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2000 est.)
revenues: $1.6 billion


expenditures: $1.9 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.)
Capital Kingstown Khartoum
Climate tropical; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November) tropical in south; arid desert in north; rainy season varies by region (April to November)
Coastline 84 km 853 km
Constitution 27 October 1979 12 April 1973, suspended following coup of 6 April 1985; interim constitution of 10 October 1985 suspended following coup of 30 June 1989; new constitution implemented on 30 June 1998 partially suspended 12 December 1999 by President BASHIR
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
conventional long form: Republic of the Sudan


conventional short form: Sudan


local long form: Jumhuriyat as-Sudan


local short form: As-Sudan


former: Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
Currency East Caribbean dollar (XCD) Sudanese dinar (SDD)
Death rate 6.04 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) 9.59 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external $167.2 million (2000) $15.8 billion (2002 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; the US Ambassador to Barbados, Ambassador Mary E. KRAMER, is accredited to Saint Vincent and the Grenadines US Embassy in Khartoum is located on Sharia Abdul Latif Avenue; mailing address - P. O. Box 699, Khartoum; APO AE 09829; telephone - [249] (11) 774611 or 774700; FAX - [249] (11) 774137
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Ellsworth I. A. JOHN


chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016


telephone: [1] (202) 364-6730


FAX: [1] (202) 364-6736


consulate(s) general: New York
chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge D'Affairs, Ad Interim Khidir Haroun AHMED (since April 2001)


chancery: 2210 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 338-8565


FAX: [1] (202) 667-2406
Disputes - international joins other Caribbean states to counter Venezuela's claim that Aves Island sustains human habitation, a criterion under UNCLOS, which permits Venezuela to extend its EEZ/continental shelf over a large portion of the Caribbean Sea the north-south civil war has drawn Sudan's neighbors into the fighting, sheltering refugees, and infiltration by rebel groups - Kenya and Uganda have acted as mediators; Sudan accuses Eritrea of supporting Sudanese rebel groups; efforts to demarcate the porous boundary with Ethiopia have been delayed by fighting in Sudan; Kenya's administrative boundary still extends into the Sudan, creating the "Ilemi triangle"; Egypt and Sudan retain claims to administer the triangular areas that extend north and south of the 1899 Treaty boundary along the 22nd Parallel, but have withdrawn their military presence; Egypt is economically developing the "Hala'ib triangle"
Economic aid - recipient $47.5 million (1995); note - EU $34.5 million (1998) $187 million (1997)
Economy - overview Economic growth in this lower-middle-income country hinges upon seasonal variations in the agricultural and tourism sectors. Tropical storms wiped out substantial portions of crops in 1994, 1995, and 2002, and tourism in the Eastern Caribbean has suffered low arrivals following 11 September 2001. Saint Vincent is home to a small offshore banking sector and has moved to adopt international regulatory standards. Saint Vincent is also a large producer of marijuana and is being used as a transshipment point for illegal narcotics from South America. Sudan has turned around a struggling economy with sound economic policies and infrastructure investments, but it still faces formidable economic problems, notably the low level of per capita output. From 1997 to date, Sudan has been implementing IMF macroeconomic reforms. In 1999 Sudan began exporting crude oil and in the last quarter of 1999 recorded its first trade surplus, which, along with monetary policy, has stabilized the exchange rate. Increased oil production, revived light industry, and expanded export processing zones helped maintain GDP growth at 5.1% in 2002. Agriculture production remains Sudan's most important sector, employing 80% of the work force and contributing 43% of GDP, but most farms remain rain-fed and susceptible to drought. Chronic domestic instability, lagging reforms, adverse weather, and weak world agricultural prices - but, above all, the low starting point - ensure that much of the population will remain at or below the poverty line for years.
Electricity - consumption 86 million kWh (2001) 2.222 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 92.48 million kWh (2001) 2.389 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 52.1%


hydro: 47.9%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Soufriere 1,234 m
lowest point: Red Sea 0 m


highest point: Kinyeti 3,187 m
Environment - current issues pollution of coastal waters and shorelines from discharges by pleasure yachts and other effluents; in some areas, pollution is severe enough to make swimming prohibitive inadequate supplies of potable water; wildlife populations threatened by excessive hunting; soil erosion; desertification; periodic drought
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups black 66%, mixed 19%, East Indian 6%, Carib Amerindian 2%, other 7% black 52%, Arab 39%, Beja 6%, foreigners 2%, other 1%
Exchange rates East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2003), 2.7 (2002), 2.7 (2001), 2.7 (2000), 2.7 (1999) Sudanese dinars per US dollar - 263.31 (2002), 258.7 (2001), 257.12 (2000), 252.55 (1999), 200.8 (1998)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Sir Fredrick Nathaniel BALLANTYNE (since 2 September 2002)


head of government: Prime Minister Ralph E. GONSALVES (since 29 March 2001)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor general is appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister
chief of state: President Lt. Gen. Umar Hassan Ahmad al-BASHIR (since 16 October 1993); First Vice President Ali Uthman Muhammad TAHA (since 17 February 1998), Second Vice President Moses MACHAR (since 12 February 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Lt. Gen. Umar Hasan Ahmad al-BASHIR (since 16 October 1993); First Vice President Ali Uthman Muhammad TAHA (since 17 February 1998), Second Vice President Moses MACHAR (since 12 February 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president; note - the National Congress Party or NCP (formerly the National Islamic Front or NIF) dominates al-BASHIR's cabinet


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 13-23 December 2000 (next to be held NA 2005)


election results: Lt. Gen. Umar Hasan Ahmad al-BASHIR reelected president; percent of vote - Umar Hasan Ahmad al-BASHIR 86.5%, Ja'afar Muhammed NUMAYRI 9.6%, three other candidates received a combined vote of 3.9%; election widely viewed as rigged; all popular opposition parties boycotted elections because of a lack of guarantees for a free and fair election


note: Lt. Gen. al-BASHIR assumed supreme executive power in 1989 and retained it through several transitional governments in the early and mid-1990s before being popularly elected for the first time in March 1996
Exports NA (2001) NA (2001)
Exports - commodities bananas 39%, eddoes and dasheen (taro), arrowroot starch, tennis racquets oil and petroleum products; cotton, sesame, livestock, groundnuts, gum arabic, sugar
Exports - partners France 52.7%, UK 6.9%, Greece 6.4%, Spain 6.4% (2003) China 55.7%, Japan 14%, Saudi Arabia 4.9% (2002)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three vertical bands of blue (hoist side), gold (double width), and green; the gold band bears three green diamonds arranged in a V pattern three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black with a green isosceles triangle based on the hoist side
GDP purchasing power parity - $342 million (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $52.9 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 10%


industry: 26%


services: 64% (2001 est.)
agriculture: 43%


industry: 17%


services: 40% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $2,900 (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $1,400 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 0.7% (2002 est.) 5.1% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 13 15 N, 61 12 W 15 00 N, 30 00 E
Geography - note the administration of the islands of the Grenadines group is divided between Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is comprised of 32 islands and cays largest country in Africa; dominated by the Nile and its tributaries
Heliports - 2 (2002)
Highways total: 1,040 km


paved: 320 km


unpaved: 720 km (1999 est.)
total: 11,900 km


paved: 4,320 km


unpaved: 7,580 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe; small-scale cannabis cultivation -
Imports NA (2001) NA (2001)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, chemicals and fertilizers, minerals and fuels foodstuffs, manufactured goods, refinery and transport equipment, medicines and chemicals, textiles, wheat
Imports - partners France 31.4%, US 10.4%, Singapore 10.2%, Trinidad and Tobago 10%, Spain 9%, Italy 5.5% (2003) China 19.7%, Saudi Arabia 7.4%, Germany 5.5%, India 5.5%, UK 5.4%, Indonesia 4.7%, Australia 4% (2002)
Independence 27 October 1979 (from UK) 1 January 1956 (from Egypt and UK)
Industrial production growth rate -0.9% (1997 est.) 8.5% (1999 est.)
Industries food processing, cement, furniture, clothing, starch oil, cotton ginning, textiles, cement, edible oils, sugar, soap distilling, shoes, petroleum refining, pharmaceuticals, armaments, automobile/light truck assembly
Infant mortality rate total: 15.24 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 16.58 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 13.86 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
total: 65.59 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 66.3 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 64.85 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) -0.4% (2001 est.) 9.2% (2002 est.)
International organization participation ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, MIGA, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WTO ABEDA, ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, ECA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNU, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 2 (2002)
Irrigated land 10 sq km (1998 est.) 19,500 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based on Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court resides in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) Supreme Court; Special Revolutionary Courts
Labor force 67,000 (1984 est.) 11 million (1996 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 26%, industry 17%, services 57% (1980 est.) agriculture 80%, industry and commerce 7%, government 13% (1998 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 7,687 km


border countries: Central African Republic 1,165 km, Chad 1,360 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 628 km, Egypt 1,273 km, Eritrea 605 km, Ethiopia 1,606 km, Kenya 232 km, Libya 383 km, Uganda 435 km
Land use arable land: 17.95%


permanent crops: 17.95%


other: 64.1% (2001)
arable land: 7.03%


permanent crops: 0.08%


other: 92.89% (1998 est.)
Languages English, French patois Arabic (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, Sudanic languages, English


note: program of "Arabization" in process
Legal system based on English common law based on English common law and Islamic law; as of 20 January 1991, the now defunct Revolutionary Command Council imposed Islamic law in the northern states; Islamic law applies to all residents of the northern states regardless of their religion; some separate religious courts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Legislative branch unicameral House of Assembly (21 seats, 15 elected representatives and 6 appointed senators; representatives are elected by popular vote from single-member constituencies to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 28 March 2001 (next to be held by July 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ULP 12, NDP 3
unicameral National Assembly (360 seats; 270 popularly elected, 90 elected by supra assembly of interest groups known as National Congress; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 13-22 December 2000 (next to be held NA December 2004)


election results: NCP 355, others 5


note: on 12 December 1999, BASHIR dismissed the National Assembly during an internal power struggle between the president and the speaker of the National Assembly Hassan al-TURABI
Life expectancy at birth total population: 73.35 years


male: 71.54 years


female: 75.21 years (2004 est.)
total population: 57.73 years


male: 56.59 years


female: 58.93 years (2003 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 96%


male: 96%


female: 96% (1970 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 61.1%


male: 71.8%


female: 50.5% (2003 est.)
Location Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago Northern Africa, bordering the Red Sea, between Egypt and Eritrea
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm
contiguous zone: 18 NM


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine total: 704 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 5,967,418 GRT/9,041,023 DWT


by type: bulk 120, cargo 346, chemical tanker 19, combination bulk 10, combination ore/oil 1, container 51, liquefied gas 5, livestock carrier 4, multi-functional large load carrier 4, passenger 8, petroleum tanker 31, refrigerated cargo 45, roll on/roll off 42, short-sea/passenger 9, specialized tanker 8, vehicle carrier 1


foreign-owned: Albania 1, Angola 2, Argentina 1, Australia 3, Bangladesh 3, Barbados 2, Belgium 3, Bulgaria 16, China 114, Colombia 1, Croatia 7, Cyprus 2, Denmark 13, Egypt 5, Estonia 13, France 17, Germany 10, Greece 134, Guyana 8, Hong Kong 15, Iceland 7, India 5, Indonesia 1, Israel 3, Italy 21, Kenya 5, South Korea 4, Latvia 7, Lebanon 9, Liberia 5, Lithuania 3, Malta 4, Isle of Man 1, Marshall Islands 3, Mexico 2, Monaco 6, Netherlands 9, Nigeria 8, Norway 32, Pakistan 6, Panama 3, Poland 3, Portugal 1, Puerto Rico 2, Romania 2, Russia 21, Saint Kitts and Nevis 1, Saint Lucia 1, Saudi Arabia 3, Singapore 5, Slovenia 7, Spain 1, Sweden 9, Switzerland 8, Syria 6, Taiwan 1, Thailand 1, Trinidad and Tobago 1, Turkey 23, Ukraine 8, United Kingdom 11, United States


registered in other countries: 25 (2004 est.)
total: 4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 29,854 GRT/39,084 DWT


ships by type: cargo 1, livestock carrier 1, roll on/roll off 2 (2002 est.)
Military branches Royal Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Police Force (includes Special Service Unit), Coast Guard Army, Navy, Air Force, Popular Defense Force Militia
Military expenditures - dollar figure NA $581 million (2001 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA 2.5% (1999)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 9,032,834 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 5,558,462 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age (2003 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 429,334 (2003 est.)
National holiday Independence Day, 27 October (1979) Independence Day, 1 January (1956)
Nationality noun: Saint Vincentian(s) or Vincentian(s)


adjective: Saint Vincentian or Vincentian
noun: Sudanese (singular and plural)


adjective: Sudanese
Natural hazards hurricanes; Soufriere volcano on the island of Saint Vincent is a constant threat dust storms and periodic persistent droughts
Natural resources hydropower, cropland petroleum; small reserves of iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver, gold, hydropower
Net migration rate -7.64 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) 0.24 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pipelines - gas 156 km; oil 2,297 km; refined products 810 km (2003)
Political parties and leaders National Reform Party or NRP [Joel MIGUEL]; New Democratic Party or NDP [Arnhim EUSTACE]; People's Progressive Movement or PPM [Ken BOYEA]; Progressive Labor Party or PLP [leader NA]; United People's Movement or UPM [Adrian SAUNDERS]; Unity Labor Party or ULP [Ralph GONSALVES] (formed by the coalition of Saint Vincent Labor Party or SVLP and the Movement for National Unity or MNU) the government allows political "associations" under a 1998 law revised in 2000; to obtain government approval parties must accept the constitution and refrain from advocating or using violence against the regime; approved parties include the National Congress Party or NCP [Ibrahim Ahmed UMAR], Popular National Congress or PNC [Hassan al-TURABI], and over 20 minor, pro-government parties
Political pressure groups and leaders NA Democratic Unionist Party [Muhammed Uthman AL-MIRGHANI]; National Congress Party [Ibrahim Ahmed UMAR]; National Democratic Alliance [Muhammed Uthman AL-MIRGHANI, chairman]; Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army [Dr. John GARANG]; Umma [Sadiq al-MAHDI]
Population 117,193 (July 2004 est.) 38,114,160 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line NA NA%
Population growth rate 0.31% (2004 est.) 2.71% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors Kingstown Juba, Khartoum, Kusti, Malakal, Nimule, Port Sudan, Sawakin
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 6, shortwave 0 (2004) AM 12, FM 1, shortwave 1 (1998)
Railways - total: 5,978 km


narrow gauge: 4,578 km 1.067-m gauge; 1,400 km 0.600-m gauge plantation line (2002)
Religions Anglican 47%, Methodist 28%, Roman Catholic 13%, Hindu Seventh-Day Adventist, other Protestant Sunni Muslim 70% (in north), indigenous beliefs 25%, Christian 5% (mostly in south and Khartoum)
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female


total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.23 male(s)/female


total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 17 years of age; universal, but noncompulsory
Telephone system general assessment: adequate system


domestic: islandwide, fully automatic telephone system; VHF/UHF radiotelephone from Saint Vincent to the other islands of the Grenadines


international: country code - 1-784; VHF/UHF radiotelephone from Saint Vincent to Barbados; new SHF radiotelephone to Grenada and to Saint Lucia; access to Intelsat earth station in Martinique through Saint Lucia
general assessment: large, well-equipped system by regional standards and being upgraded; cellular communications started in 1996 and have expanded substantially


domestic: consists of microwave radio relay, cable, radiotelephone communications, tropospheric scatter, and a domestic satellite system with 14 earth stations


international: satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Arabsat (2000)
Telephones - main lines in use 27,300 (2002) 400,000 (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular 10,000 (2002) 20,000 (2000)
Television broadcast stations 1 (plus three repeaters) (2004) 3 (1997)
Terrain volcanic, mountainous generally flat, featureless plain; mountains in far south, northeast and west; desert dominates the north
Total fertility rate 1.9 children born/woman (2004 est.) 5.1 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate 22% (1997 est.) 18.7% (2002 est.)
Waterways - 5,310 km
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